cattaneo



2 Sheets-Sheet 1 N @Irl WN .+N N

fare/7 a G C22 fa/7@ G. CATTANEO FLUID BRAKE OPERATOR March 16' 19,26.

Filed oct. 23. 1922 w ...wurm

March 16 1926.

G. CATTANEO FLUID BRAKE OPERATOR Filed oct. 23, 1922 peet 2 a/zea i PatentedMar. 16, 41926.,

GiUs'riNo CATTANEO, lor MILAN, r'rALY.

y kriariirinanim. oriaiaAi'ioR..y

`appuie;ienined october 231922. seriai No. 596,425. j

' the following isa specification.y

Inimodernk motor cars, particularly inf those ofk the heavy type` theiadoption'of y plied by thestaticranddynamie,actions act#- brakes on the four wheels representsa-na ment oflsuitable gearingy eitective results have ynot'been easilyobtained; 5^ V Another drawback of brakingon from" wheels at the same time consists in the difficulty in distributingon the frontwheelsand back wheels af'stress which is propor` v y `y`,prevents ythe pressure otthe tional to the .braking eiect which can be 'supying in various manners onibothfaxlesf Ill ' -the brakes. ,f

Moreover by actuating directly the brakes byk means'ot handlevers or ypedal it becomes; very hard yto adjustthe stresswhich has to be exerted on the ybrakes in order to obtain the greatest result without skidding fof wheels with resultant accidents.

,This'invention has tor its object the ap-` l p'lying yon any brake actuating system on r wheels of motor vehicles a special auxiliary mechanism whichz]y f f Takes its movement from `the main driving axle and avoids manual operation on the part of the driver; f f k,(2) Can eiect the requiredy braking action.' as it distributes the latter. inpre-* establishednianner upon thek rtrent and the rear'pairs ot wheels; o f

'(3) Caufauto'matically proportion ,the brakinggaction tov the speed 'ot they vehicle and soobtaining an effective operation iot- Thesaiddevio'e is so arranged that ythe same actuating kpart ot' auxiliary apparatus may also serve-to directly actuate the brakes when the said f not provided. Y e

- The Iauxiliary device comprises:y

` l. A pump'ot suitable type, diivenbyfthe apparatus yis damaged oifis wheels and capable of'suj'oplying av determinedIY pressure tothe motiveI fluid which -K each single brake.

may-be the oil contained kin lthe universal f joint casing or in' tlie'change speed casing pistons'which under the action of; the yfluid istria compressed by the'- said' pump ,may` actuate thelevers acting on both brake pairsy or on A distributing device or valve yoperated by the device yby' means` ot a hand lever or pedal which may regulate the pressure kof tiuid on the pistons. f y 4. yA valve inserted lin the pressure .chainvber of cylinders, which automatically opens bywmeans oty any centrifugal control device actuated from the' shaft transmitting the motion tothe wheels and reduces by degrees of wheel tend to stop. i l y Asatety valve,which'suitablv adjusted iuid fromfexj the pressure of fluid as therotary movement ceeding acertain limit;

" ,The invention isfclearly illustrated in the accompanying. drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view through Lthe improved apparatus the :parts being shown in an inactive positioin 2 is-fa similarfview ottlie paitlshown i' in an active or working position, and

Fig. 3 is a diagrammaticperspective viewof the governor between the drive shaft and the rodof the release valve.

The gearing ypump driven by' the shaft l :which is' connected with the transmission tov they driving wheels, sucks thev fluid` fthrough the piping ".ii'oni the bottom ot' vessel R and forwardsfit thro-ugh the cylinderG through they opening -9 'provided' iny "the distributing piston rD and discharges yit into the. vessel Rtlirougli an open circuit that Iis to say without producing any 'presfy sure in thepiping 8.

distributorfpistoii D. e The said piston' D is displaced' within vthe cylinder '6 wherein `it closes by f degrees "the communication be# tween'the. tubes Sand 9 and alsobetween l() and 125 whiley atv the same "time it puts in communication, by `means of the passage 11 there. in t-lie tubesS andl-2 which are in communicationk withthe pressure chamber of cylinder 1f rod 315 on the distributingpiston rod 13 of n iio C. llhilc in the said manner by degrees th tree passage oi 'the duid isy obstructed, 'a the same time through) a gradual pressur of the fluid 1er-caving against, pistons l and will be produced and the vlatter will be displaced and produce also the displacement of cranks and rods 16, 18 and l1?, l) respectively and consequently oi' two rods 20 and 2l which actuate the 'braking slices by suitable mechanical means (not shown).

Even though the gradual stroke or the distributor D may regulate :the pressure ot ihiid according' tothe brakingr action which is to be. obtained and also taking in account that the output ot pump l) and thus the pressure ot the fluid is proportional 'within LIED or@ certain limits t-o the speed ot rotationrot" the `pump and consequently to that -oi the f vehicle, some diiiiculty Nvillsbe'meti'n prevent- .oi the rod 2T.

ing' the braking stroke which jams the four wheels, attaining at the same time the .maximum of braking eiiect. To accomplish this purpose the device includesa valve 26 which is 'cock-shaped as shown vin the drawings. The saidfvalvefis actuated by a suitable regulating;` ycentrifugal :device 27 b-y means The said centrifugal regulating device 27 vis driven by the gearing ot' the motor wheels 'and coi'xsequently it may 'be keyed on the shaft l `W'hic'l-idrives the pump P. 1lllhen thespeed of the vehicle and accordinglythe speed of the yWheels becomes prominent the Centriliugalinasses 2S otl the regula-tor remain :extended and the" cocllc'or valve 2G remains closed owing' to the tenf sile stress ot rod 27 (Fig. 2.).

It contrarily the Wheelsibcca'use of ane);- cessive Abraking tend to stop or slide. on the ground, the transmission to the Wheels willV also slow down in thesam-e manner and thus the centrifuga-l lWeights 28 vbecause oi their diminished peripheral.velocity are retracted and by means oi `the rod 27 opens-the valve QG' (Figi. l) thus vreducingl the pressure againstthc pistons l and and consequently the braking;` effect.. i'

Of course 'n-'hen the vehicle is at standstill the hand control of the bra-hes is required in order to obtain thebraking', i Wheels. rlhe said con-trol may also be ob ol thepeualv L .which 'by being' oscillated to an tent beyond `the angle required to actuate the distributor yD moves thelever with tooth 29 andcontrols by meansoi rod the kcrank 1S and consequently the rod To preventy the l. 1re otlinid; from siufpassing the predetermined limit in the compresi al ve" chamber .a safety, has been placed which is :fastened by spring Q-l. lVhen the pres-nre oi'ercomes the action o1 spring 2l, thel vari-e 23 is displacedY and opens the passage thus permitting oi' the disclmige of the excess pressure intopthe interior ofthe vessel Rao Having non particularly described. and

`ter described, the

Vled by means ascertained the nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, l declare that what l claim is l. ln a fluid brake operator ci the charac.-

combinatio-n, a motor driven shalt, an oil containing vessel through -Wfhich the shaft passes, a casing sur;oendingl the driven shaft Within the vessel, .a pump connected with the shaft Within the casing, an inlet tube in communication Xvith the casing` from a point near the loot-tom of vthe vessel, a slide valve the casing' ot which is arranged in communication `with the pump casing', a double cylinder communicating' medially of its ends with theV casing oi the slide valve, opposed pistons operating in the cylinder, brake shoe applying members opera-bly connected with thepistons,v a manually o'jera'ble leiter operatively connected with the slide valve for regulating the introduction of pressure liquid into the cylinder, an operable connection between the lever 'and one ci the pistons yfor eliecting manual control o1- the brake shoe applying members when the drive shaft is idle, and vmeans iorcontr-OL' ling' the release 'of pressure liquid from the cylinders. Y

2, A fluid brake operator as claimed in claim l, wherein the means for controllingl the passage ci pressure liquid trom the cylinder includes av valve composed of a casing, an apertured body `therein for regulating the escape oli a liquid' from the cylinder through the casing and .into the vessel y a governor mounted 'On t-hemotor driven shaft and an operable connection VYbetween the lgovern-or vand the valve lb'ody for regulating; the position 'of the valve body consistent with the speed 'of yrotation of the motor driven shaft, substantially as and for the purposes set forth. i

'3. A. duid brake operator as claimed in claim l, wherein a spring controlled safety valve is interposed in the outlet from the cylinder for permitting of the discharge ot excessive pressure into the interior ot the vessel, substantially as and tor the purposes set ortlr f A fluid brake operator of the character 1fibed, comprising in combinati-'ony a motor drivenshai't, pressureiiuid containing ree-sel through which the shaft journailed, a 'pump' opcrably connected with the shaft including` a casing surrounding the L-:ha-lt, an inlet tube coifmnunicating ivith the casing and terminating' at a point near the bottom oif the vessel, a slide valve the casing of which 's arranged in communication with the casing oi the pump, a cylinder' arranged in communication with ther` casing of the brake sheeapp'l'ying; members, means Within i, C the vessel and .operably connected between 1,577,105Y `1 i y 3 the brake shoe applying inel'nbers and the rodsy of the pistonsq a manually operable lever operably connected with the slide Valve for Controllingthe action of the pressure fluid on the pistons, an outlet leading-'from the cylinder, e spring pressed safety valve interpoed in the outlet for releasing` erf; oessivevv pressure,v valve means or'eontroll'- ing the discharge of pressure liquid from the cylinder into'the vessel'inoluding a casing' in connnnneationr with the outlet, an npertnred Valve body for controlling' the How from the routlet tlnonghjtbe casing and into the vessel, a governor operabl'y mount- Ved fonthe motor driven shaft, an operable connection between the governor andv the valve body for regulating the position o the' valve body consistent with the speed of lrotation of the shaft, and an operable con-y nection between one of the piston rods and the manually operable lever for eleoting a. f manual control of the brake shoe-applying member when the driven shaft isy inactive,

substantially as and for the, purposes Set 

